Formulation and Evaluation of Skin Whitening- Lightening Herbal Facewash

 

Swati Siddheshwar Londhe¹*, Mangesh Gautam Bhosale², Dr. Amol Arun Joshi³

¹Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, ASPM’S K. T. Patil College of Pharmacy,

Osmanabad - 413501, Maharashtra.

²Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Ramkrinshna Paramhansa College,

Osmanabad - 413501, Maharashtra.

³Principal, Department of Pharmacognosy, ASPM’S K. T. Patil College of Pharmacy

Osmanabad-413501, Maharashtra.

 

ABSTRACT:

The aim of present study was to formulation and development of whitening polyherbal face wash comprising extracts of Curcuma longa, Lemon Extract, Liquorice Extract, Kojic acid, AHA-BHA, Nicotinamide, Glycolic Acid, Salicylic acid, Vitamin E, This preparation is not contains only herbs it also contains some chemicals which is gives the best result for skin.The plants have been reported in the literature having good anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Prepared formulation was evaluated for various parameters like colour, appearance, consistency, pH, viscosity, Washability, Irritancy test, stability studies. Results showed that the gels were non-irritant, stable and possess all skin problem activity. The efficacy when tested with a standard was almost same to that of polyherbal gel. I concluded that from this study, extract was proved to be stable and considered as an effective herbal formulation for skin whitening-lightening face wash.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Face wash is only used for wash only face but when one face wash consist of all those best ingredients which gives all skin problems solution. This face wash contains one of the bestest ingredients which gives skin whitening-lightening effect as well as it reduces acne n it exfoliates skin very well. Face skin is the major part of the body, which indicates the health of an individual.

 

It is a consist of materials such as amino acids, lipids and carbohydrates etc. so that a balanced nutrition is required for the skin to keep it clear glossy and healthy, it deals with the formulation and characterization of cosmetic herbal face wash preparation. In ancient times women are very conscious about their beauty and started to dress themselves because they wanted to increase their own beauty. [1] Even today, people especially in rural areas, and hilly region select the natural remedies like plants extracts for cosmetics purposes like neem, orange rose. Herbal cosmetics are products which are used to purify and beautify the skin. The main advantage for using an herbal cosmetic is that it is pure and does not have any side effects on the human body men have rough skin and when they don’t take sufficient care then the skin turns dark due to over exposure of the sun. [2] In this article we share home best homemade face packs and face mask to whiten the skin naturally for men’s and women skin. These face packs have natural skin lightening and can be easily prepared at home. [3]

 

Kolic Acid gives skin lightening effect for skin also it removes blemishes n pigmentationof skin.Acne may be classified as comedonal, popular, pustular, cystic and nodular. Comedonal acne is non-inflammatory and divided into two types: whiteheads and blackheads. White heads (closed comedo) present as fresh or white coloured, raised bumps whereas blackhead (open comedo) present as open pores containing dark coloured skin roughage consisting of melanin, sebum and follicular cells. For this problem AHA-BHA and curcumin Extract gives the solution of this problem. Salicylic acid gives exfoliation for skin. Exfoliation is most importatnt because when damaged skin get exfoliate then new skin comes over and it looks glowing n healthy. All ingredients included in this preparation gives best and healthy glowing skin. [4]

 

MATERIALS: [5]

Table 1: List of ingredients

Sr. No.	Ingredients	Uses		Diagram
Step -1 Gel Base
1	Carbapol 934		Thickening Agent
2	Distill water
Step 2-Formulation of Gel Base
3	Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Extract	The anti-inflammatory qualities can target your pores and calm the skin. Turmeric is also known to reduce scarring.
4	Lemon Extract	ForHyperpigmentation because it help brighten the complexion while also will fading dark spots,it gives dose of vitamin c to help improve skin tone and provideantioxidant properties to help reduce oxidative stress.
3	Liquorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Extract	Licorice root may be effective in improving the look of an uneven skin tone.
4	Kojic acid	Decreased melanin production may have a lightening effect on the skin.
5	AHA-BHA	Water-soluble acid that buffs away dead skin cells to eliminate whiteheads.
6	Nicotinamide	It has anti-inflammatory properties, which may be used for the treatment of bullous (blistering) diseases. It may improve acne by its anti-inflammatory action and by reducing sebum.
7	Glycolic acid	Glycolic Acid is the holy grail for exfoliation, effectively removing the outermost layer of dead cells from the complexion, revealing brighter, fresher skin. Products that contain Glycolic Acid are used often to treat scarring, skin discoloration and signs of aging, like fine lines and wrinkles
8	Salicylic acid	It is a keratolytic (peeling agent), causes shedding of the outer layer of skin. Topical (for the skin) is used in the treatment of acne.
9	Vitamin E	It fighting off free radicals, helps protect the skin from damage. Additionally, It has "moisturizing and healing" benefits, and helps to "strengthen skin barrier function It is also a natural anti-inflammatory, so it can be soothing and help calm the skin,
10	Methyl Paraben	Preservative
11	Triethanolamine	Emulsifier
12	Gel Base	Base
13	Sodium Lauryl sulphate	Foaming, Cleaning agent

 

Table 2: Composition of developed formulation

Sr. No.	Ingredients	Quantity taken for 100 g gel
1	Carbapol 934	0.50
2	Distill water	40
3	Turmeric (Curcuma longa)	2
4	Lemon extract	2
5	Liquorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra)	2
6	Kojic acid	2
7	AHA-BHA	2
8	Nicotinamide	2
8	Glycolic acid	2
9	Salicylic acid	2
10	Vitamin E	1
11	Methyl Paraben	0.15
12	Triethanolamine	0.025
13	Gel Base	40
14	Sodium Lauryl sulphate	0.33

 

METHODS: [6]

Preparation of herbal extracts:

1.     Extraction of Turmeric (Curcuma longa):

5 gm. of the powdered material macerated with 50ml of water, shaken frequently and allowed to stand for 24 hrs. Then filter the extract, evaporated the filtrate to dryness and weight was taken.

 

2.     Extraction of Lemon Extract:

5 gm. of the powdered material macerated with 50ml of water, shaken frequently and allowed to stand for 24 hr. Then after filtered and used.

 

3.     Extraction of Liquorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra):

5 gm. of the powdered material macerated with 50ml of water, shaken frequently and allowed to stand for 24 hr. Thereafter filtered and used.

 

Method of Preparation of Gel Containing Extract:

Step 1:

Firstly carbopol 934 was dispersed in distilled water and purified water kept the beaker aside to swell the carbopol 934 for 1 dayand then stirring should be done to mix the carbopol934 to form gel. Take 5ml of distilled water and required quantity of methyl paraben and 2gm of sodium lauryl sulphate were dissolved by heating on water bath then solution was cooled.

 

Step 2:

In another beaker weight and transfer the required quantity of extracted drug powder and dissolved in gel base and 0.025ml triethanolamine was addeddrop wise to the formulation for adjustment of required skin pH (6.8-7) and to obtain the gel at required consistency. Lastly both solutions was mixed using by glassrod. By using this method we prepared 5 formulations with 5 different concentration of carbopol 0.50% respectively. Methyl paraben used as preservatives.

 

EVALUATION OF FORMULATION:[7]

Physical evaluation:

Physical parameters, such as color, appearance and consistency are examined for people with visual impairment.

 

Wash ability:

The formulation has been used on the skin and then easily verified after washing with water.[8]

 

pH:

Using a digital pH meter calibrated at constant temperature, the pH of 1% of the hydro transpiration is calculated.[9]

 

Spreading Coefficient:

A ground glass slide was fixed on the wooden block. 2 gm of gel under study was placed on this ground slide. The gel preparation was then sandwiched between this slide and second glass slide having same dimension as that of the fixed ground slide. The second glass slide is provided with the hook. Weight of 500mg was placed on the top of the two slides for 5 min to expel air and to provide a uniform film of the gel between the two slides. Measured quantity of weight was placed in the pan attached to the pulley with the help of hook. The time (in sec) required by the top slide to cover a distance of 5 cm was noted. A shorter interval indicates better spreading coefficient (Gupta and Gaud, 2005). Spreading coefficient of prepared gel was compared with the marketed gel.

 

Viscosity The viscosity of face wash was determined by using Brookfield Viscometer. The Values Obtained for sample is noted.

 

Irritancy test:

The face wash was applied on left hand dorsal surface of 1 sq. cm and observed in time interval 1 to 2 hrs. [10]

 

Patch test:

Patch testing is well established method for diagnosing the hypersensitivity as well as to determine the potential of a specific substance to cause the allergic action on patient skin. In patch test a small area of skin is exposed to those chemicals in dilute form whose specific effect on skin is to be studied. In patch test reaction of formulation on skin is observed in 2-3 days. [11]

 

RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

·       Herbal face wash was formulated using simple gel preparation method.

·       Herbal face wash was formulated by adding the required amount of herbal ingredients as a given in (table no.2)

 

Table 3: Final Observations.

Sr. No.	PARAMETERS	OBSERVATION
1	Color	Brown
2	Odour	Characteristic
3	Consistency	Good
4	pH	5.56
5	Viscosity	1.4 poise
6	Spread ability	9.3 ± 0.23
7	Washability	Easily washable
8	Irritability	Non irritant
9	Patch test	no allergic action

 

CONCLUSION:

·       The main aim was formulated face wash will improve the skin texture and gives smooth skin.

·       It was concluded that the herbal face wash ingredients such as Extracts of Curcuma longa, Extract of Lemon, Extract of Liquorice, Kojic acid, AHA-BHA Nicotinamide, Glycolic Acid, Salicylic acid, Tetrahydrocurcumin, Vitamin E etc.

·       The prepared Face Wash was evaluated using various parameters and was found to be satisfied for the application on the skin to make it healthy and glowing without any side effects.

·       The prepared Face wash is planned to carry out with in vivo studies for its irritancy.

·       It was concluded that formulated Face wash having good face whitening, lightening, Glowingand Nourishing property.

 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

We, the authors, are very much thankful to College Principal Dr. Amol Arun Joshi Sir for their valuable guidance and technical suggestions and also for their support to make this article with full of information in every aspect.

 

REFERENCES:

1.      Mali S.A., Karekar P., Dr. Yadav A.V., “Formulation and evaluation of multipurpose herbal cream”, International Journal of Science and Research, 2015; 4(11): 2319-7064.

2.      Meena K.R., Pareek A., Meena R.R., “Antimicrobial activity of Aegle marmelos (Rutaceae) plant extracts” International Journal of Medi Pharm Research, 2016; 2: 01-05

3.      National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, US National Institutes of Health. September 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2018.

4.      R. G. Jones, J. Kahovec, R. Stepto, E. S. Wilks, M. Hess, T. Kitayama, W. V. Metanomski (2008). IUPAC. Compendium of Polymer Terminology and Nomenclature, IUPAC Recommendations 2008 (the “Purple Book”) RSC Publishing, Cambridge, UK.

5.      Rashmee Z Ahmed (30 September 2004). "Traditional diabetes remedy offers hope". The Times of India Mali S.A., Karekar P., Dr. Yadav A.V., “Formulation and evaluation of Multipurpose herbal cream”, International Journal of Science and Research, 2015; 4(11): 2319-7064.

6.      Fatima G. X., Joan V.R., Rahul R.S., Shanthi S., Latha S., Shanmuganathan S., “Formulation and evaluation of polyherbal anti-acne Gel”, Adv J Pharm Life Sci Res, 2015; 1: 5-8.

7.      Abbasi M.A., Kausar A., Rehman A., Hina S., Jahangir M. S., Siddiqui S.Z., “Preparation of new formulations of anti-acne creams and their efficacy”, African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, June 2010; 4(6): 298-303.

8.      Khan N., Karodi R., Siddiqui A., Thube S., Rub R., “Development of anti-acne gel formulation of anthraquinones rich fraction from Rubia cordifolia (Rubiaceae)”, International Journal of Applied Research in Natural Products, Jan 2012; 4(4): 28-36.

9.      Aruna M.S., Sravani A., Reshma V., Priya N.S., Prabha M.S., Rao N.R., “Formulation and evalution of herbal acne gel”, World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2015; 4(5):2324-2330.

10.   Patil S.C., Gadade D.D, Rathi P.B., “Design, Development and Evaluation of Herbal Gel for Treatment of Psoriasis” Journal of Innovations in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Sciences, 2015; 2(1): 72-87.

11.   K. Yamini., T. Onesimus.“Preparation and Evaluation of Herbal Anti-Acne Gel”, International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 2013; (P): 956 – 960.

 

 

Received on 19.05.2020            Revised on 06.06.2020             

Accepted on 20.06.2020      ©Asian Pharma Press All Right Reserved