Author(s):
Pragati Hasbe, Pankaj Dhapke, Jagdish Baheti
Email(s):
pragatihasbe2@gmail.com
DOI:
10.52711/2231-5713.2025.00007
Address:
Pragati Hasbe, Pankaj Dhapke, Jagdish Baheti*
Kamla Nehru College of Pharmacy, Butibori, Nagpur 441122, Maharashtra, India.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 15,
Issue - 1,
Year - 2025
ABSTRACT:
Glaucoma, characterized by its asymptomatic nature, particularly in the later stages, is globally acknowledged as a leading cause of irreversible vision impairment. The intricate and highly sensitive nature of the human eye poses a formidable challenge in the context of drug delivery. Glaucoma, characterized by an elevation in intraocular pressure within the aqueous humor, is not only elusive in its presentation but can also result in irreversible blindness for many individuals. Existing formulations of anti-glaucoma drugs available in the market encounter challenges related to either difficulty in traversing the blood-retinal barrier or exhibiting lower systemic bioavailability. Consequently, drugs with a lower therapeutic index necessitate frequent administration, leading to the accumulation of concentrated solutions at the ocular site. This, in turn, gives rise to potential toxic effects and cellular damage within the eye. Nanotechnology-based interventions hold the potential to overcome the constraints associated with existing glaucoma treatments by offering refined targeted drug delivery, enhanced bioavailability, and controlled release mechanisms. This review comprehensively explores recent advancements in strategies for glaucoma treatment employing nanotechnology.
Cite this article:
Pragati Hasbe, Pankaj Dhapke, Jagdish Baheti. Comprehensive Narrative Review on Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Glaucoma. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2025; 15(1):39-7. doi: 10.52711/2231-5713.2025.00007
Cite(Electronic):
Pragati Hasbe, Pankaj Dhapke, Jagdish Baheti. Comprehensive Narrative Review on Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Glaucoma. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2025; 15(1):39-7. doi: 10.52711/2231-5713.2025.00007 Available on: https://ajptonline.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2025-15-1-7
REFERENCES:
1. Senjam SS. Glaucoma blindness–A rapidly emerging non-communicable ocular disease in India: Addressing the issue with advocacy. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 2020; May; 9(5): 2200.
2. Weinreb RN, Aung T, Medeiros FA. The pathophysiology and treatment of glaucoma: a review. JAMA. 2014; May 14; 311(18): 1901-11.
3. Feng KM, Tsung TH, Chen YH, Lu DW. The Role of Retinal Ganglion Cell Structure and Function in Glaucoma. Cells. 2023; Dec 8; 12(24): 2797.
4. Wagner IV, Stewart MW, Dorairaj SK. Updates on the Diagnosis and Management of Glaucoma. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality and Outcomes. 2022; Dec 1; 6(6): 618-35.
5. Toris CB, Gagrani M, Ghate D. Current methods and new approaches to assess aqueous humor dynamics. Expert Review of Ophthalmology. 2021; May 4; 16(3): 139-60.
6. Lee DA, Higginbotham EJ. Glaucoma and its treatment: a review. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy. 2005; Apr 1; 62(7): 691-9.
7. Hu CX, Zangalli C, Hsieh M, Gupta L, Williams AL, Richman J, Spaeth GL. What do patients with glaucoma see? Visual symptoms reported by patients with glaucoma. The American Journal of The Medical Sciences. 2014; Nov 1; 348(5): 403-9.
8. Schuster AK, Erb C, Hoffmann EM, Dietlein T, Pfeiffer N. The diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International. 2020; Mar; 117(13): 225.
9. Juliana FR, Kesse S, Boakye-Yiadom KO, Veroniaina H, Wang H, Sun M. Promising approach in the treatment of glaucoma using nanotechnology and nanomedicine-based systems. Molecules. 2019; Oct 22; 24(20): 3805
10. Cvenkel B, Kolko M. Current medical therapy and future trends in the management of glaucoma treatment. Journal of Ophthalmology. 2020; Jul 21; 2020.
11. Anjum S, Ishaque S, Fatima H, Farooq W, Hano C, Abbasi BH, Anjum I. Emerging applications of nanotechnology in healthcare systems: Grand challenges and perspectives. Pharmaceuticals. 2021; Jul 21; 14(8): 707.
12. Li S, Chen L, Fu Y. Nanotechnology-based ocular drug delivery systems: recent advances and future prospects. Journal of Nanobiotechnology. 2023; Jul 22; 21(1): 232.
13. Guimarães D, Cavaco-Paulo A, Nogueira E. Design of liposomes as drug delivery system for therapeutic applications. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2021; May 15; 601: 120571.
14. Mishra GP, Bagui M, Tamboli V, Mitra AK. Recent applications of liposomes in ophthalmic drug delivery. Journal of Drug Delivery. 2011; 2011.
15. Hathout RM, Gad HA, Abdel-Hafez SM, Nasser N, Khalil N, Ateyya T, Amr A, Yasser N, Nasr S, Metwally AA. Gelatinized core liposomes: A new Trojan horse for the development of a novel timolol maleate glaucoma medication. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2019; Feb 10; 556: 192-9.
16. Bose A, Roy Burman D, Sikdar B, Patra P. Nanomicelles: Types, properties and applications in drug delivery. IET Nanobiotechnology. 2021; Feb; 15(1): 19-27.
17. Cholkar K, Patel A, Dutt Vadlapudi A, K Mitra A. Novel nanomicellar formulation approaches for anterior and posterior segment ocular drug delivery. Recent Patents on Nanomedicine. 2012; Oct 1; 2(2): 82-95.
18. Vaishya RD, Khurana V, Patel S, Mitra AK. Controlled ocular drug delivery with nanomicelles. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology. 2014; Sep; 6(5): 422-37.
19. Ozturk MR, Popa M, Rata DM, Cadinoiu AN, Parfait F, Delaite C, Atanase LI, Solcan C, Daraba OM. Drug-Loaded Polymeric Micelles Based on Smart Biocompatible Graft Copolymers with Potential Applications for the Treatment of Glaucoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; Aug 19; 23(16): 9382.
20. Zhou HY, Hao JL, Wang S, Zheng Y, Zhang WS. Nanoparticles in the ocular drug delivery. International Journal of Ophthalmology. 2013; 6(3): 390
21. Zielińska A, Carreiró F, Oliveira AM, Neves A, Pires B, Venkatesh DN, Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Eder P, Silva AM, Santini A. Polymeric nanoparticles: production, characterization, toxicology and ecotoxicology. Molecules. 2020; Aug 15; 25(16): 3731.
22. Salama HA, Ghorab M, Mahmoud AA, Abdel Hady M. PLGA nanoparticles as subconjunctival injection for management of glaucoma. Aaps Pharmscitech. 2017; Oct; 18: 2517-28.
23. Saroha A, Pandey P, Kaushik D. Development of Timolol Maleate Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles for Improved Ocular Delivery. Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology. 2017; Jan 1; 5(4): 310-6.
24. Müller RH, Mäder K, Gohla S. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) for controlled drug delivery–a review of the state of the art. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics. 2000; Jul 3; 50(1): 161-77.
25. Ghasemiyeh P, Mohammadi-Samani S. Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers as novel drug delivery systems: Applications, advantages and disadvantages. Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2018; Aug 1; 13(4): 288-303.
26. Satyanarayana SD, Abu Lila AS, Moin A, Moglad EH, Khafagy ES, Alotaibi HF, Obaidullah AJ, Charyulu RN. Ocular delivery of bimatoprost-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for effective management of glaucoma. Pharmaceuticals. 2023; Jul 13; 16(7): 1001.
27. Ge X, Wei M, He S, Yuan WE. Advances of non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) and their application in drug delivery. Pharmaceutics. 2019; Jan 29; 11(2): 55.
28. Allam A, Elsabahy M, El Badry M, Eleraky NE. Betaxolol‐loaded niosomes integrated within pH‐sensitive in situ forming gel for management of glaucoma. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2021; Apr 1; 598: 120380.
29. Jacob S, Nair AB, Shah J. Emerging role of nanosuspensions in drug delivery systems. Biomaterials research. 2020; Dec; 24: 1-6.
30. Pignatello R, Bucolo C, Spedalieri G, Maltese A, Puglisi G. Flurbiprofen-loaded acrylate polymer nanosuspensions for ophthalmic application. Biomaterials. 2002; Aug 1; 23(15): 3247-55.
31. Hanagandi V, Patil AS, Masareddy RS, Dandagi PM, Bolmal UB. Development and Evaluation of Nanosuspension Incorporated in situ gel of Brimonidine Tartarate for Ocular Drug Delivery. Indian J. Pharm. Educ. Res. 2022; Jan 1; 56: 94-102.
32. Tiwari K, Bhattacharya S. The ascension of nanosponges as a drug delivery carrier: Preparation, characterization, and applications. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. 2022; Mar; 33(3): 28.
33. Arshad K, Khan A, Bhargav E, Reddy K, Sowmya C. Nanosponges: a new approach for drug targeting. International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutical Research. 2016; 7(3): 381-96.
34. Pillai MK, Jain P, Pillai S. Fabrication and evaluation of nanosponges of besifloxacin hydrochloride for ocular drug delivery. J Med Pharm Allied Sci. 2022; Mar 30; 11(2): 4657-60.
35. Bagul US, Nazirkar MV, Mane AK, Khot SV, Tagalpallewar AA, Kokare CR. Fabrication of architectonic nanosponges for intraocular delivery of Brinzolamide: An insight into QbD driven optimization, in vitro characterization, and pharmacodynamics. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2024; Jan 25; 650: 123746.
36. Mittal P, Saharan A, Verma R, Altalbawy F, Alfaidi MA, Batiha GE, Akter W, Gautam RK, Uddin MS, Rahman MS. Dendrimers: a new race of pharmaceutical nanocarriers. BioMed Research International. 2021; Feb 15; 2021.
37. Tsung TH, Tsai YC, Lee HP, Chen YH, Lu DW. Biodegradable Polymer-Based Drug-Delivery Systems for Ocular Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; Aug 19; 24(16): 12976.
38. Lyu Z, Ding L, Huang AT, Kao CL, Peng L. Poly (amidoamine) dendrimers: Covalent and supramolecular synthesis. Materials Today Chemistry. 2019; Sep 1; 13: 34-48.
39. El-Moslamy SH, Kamoun EA. Novel long-acting brimonidine tartrate loaded-PCL/PVP nanofibers for versatile biomedical applications: fabrication, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation.
40. Thang NH, Chien TB, Cuong DX. Polymer-based hydrogels applied in drug delivery: An overview. Gels. 2023; Jun 27; 9(7): 523.
41. Chen J, Zhou R, Li L, Li B, Zhang X, Su J. Mechanical, rheological and release behaviors of a poloxamer 407/poloxamer 188/carbopol 940 thermosensitive composite hydrogel. Molecules. 2013; Oct 8; 18(10): 12415-25.
42. Fea AM, Novarese C, Caselgrandi P, Boscia G. Glaucoma Treatment and Hydrogel: Current Insights and State of the Art. Gels. 2022; Aug 17; 8(8): 510.
43. Dhumal N, Yadav V, Borkar S. Nanoemulsion as Novel Drug Delivery System: Development, Characterization and Application. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development. 2022; Dec 14; 10(6): 120-7.
44. Mahboobian MM, Seyfoddin A, Aboofazeli R, Foroutan SM, Rupenthal ID. Brinzolamide–loaded nanoemulsions: ex vivo transcorneal permeation, cell viability and ocular irritation tests. Pharmaceutical Development and Technology. 2019; May 28; 24(5): 600-6.
45. Avcil M, Çelik A. Microneedles in drug delivery: progress and challenges. Micromachines. 2021; Oct 28; 12(11): 1321.
46. Roy G, Galigama RD, Thorat VS, Garg P, Venuganti VV. Microneedle ocular patch: Fabrication, characterization, and ex-vivo evaluation using pilocarpine as model drug. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. 2020; Jul 2; 46(7): 1114-22.
47. Jiang J, Gill HS, Ghate D, McCarey BE, Patel SR, Edelhauser HF, Prausnitz MR. Coated microneedles for drug delivery to the eye. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2007; Sep 1; 48(9): 4038-43.
48. Sakpal D, Gharat S, Momin M. Recent advancements in polymeric nanofibers for ophthalmic drug delivery and ophthalmic tissue engineering. Biomaterials Advances. 2022; Sep 17: 213124.
49. Li S, Chen L, Fu Y. Nanotechnology-based ocular drug delivery systems: recent advances and future prospects. Journal of Nanobiotechnology. 2023; Jul 22; 21(1): 232.
50. Ahmad W, Jawed R. An updated review on preparation and characterization of solid lipid nanoparticles. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2022; 12(4): 313-9.
51. Deshmukh S, Chaudhari B, Velhal A, Redasani V. A compendious review on biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2022; 12(4): 371-81.
52. Pravin P, Adhikrao Y, Varsha G. Ocular Drug Delivery and Novel Formulations: A Review. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2018; 8(4): 248-54.
53. Khandbahale SV. A review-Nanosuspension technology in drug delivery system. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2019; 9(2): 130-8.
54. Banu S, Farheen SA. Ocular Drug Delivery System: A Novel Approach. Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science. 2019; 9(2): 97-106.
55. Brahamdutt VK, Kumar A, Hooda MS, Sangwan P. Nanotechnology: Various methods used for preparation of Nanomaterials. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2018; 4(4): 386-93.